Why teach pharmacy ethics through literary fiction?

Abstract: Pharmacy ethics is a challenging area in pharmacy education, as teaching it requires special recognition of complex pedagogical approaches. In accordance with the findings of recent studies focusing on the use of humanities in medical education, literary fiction may be an avenue that could be successfully employed as a thought-provoking tool for teaching pharmacy ethics. The major benefits of this approach includes increased empathy and complex interpretive skills, suitability for case-based learning, and students' high level of interest in this method, as well as the promotion of patient-centered care, creation of cultural competence, and encouragement of professionalism among pharmacy students. The successful instruction of pharmacy ethics through carefully selected examples from literary fiction, possibly in an elective course or a special module, may be a promising step forward in modern pharmacy education. 

Keywords: curriculum, fiction, medical humanities, pharmacy education, pharmacy ethics

Cite: Tekiner, Halil. Why teach pharmacy ethics through literary fiction? World J Pharm Sci 2017;5(6):203-206.

Link: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318040997_Why_Teach_Pharmacy_Ethics_Through_Literary_Fiction

Ahmed Hilmi Pasha (1839–1905): A remarkable Ottoman physician and medical translator

Abstract: Besides being a founding member of the Ottoman Medical Society (est. 1867) and general director of the Imperial Military and Civil medical schools in Istanbul, Dr Ahmed Hilmi Pasha offered a pathology course for the first time in the Ottoman Empire. He also translated various medical textbooks from French, and he paved the way for using Turkish in Ottoman medical education.

Keywords: Medical translation, military physicians, Ottoman Empire, pathology, Turkey

Cite: Tekiner, Halil. Ahmed Hilmi Pasha (1839–1905): A remarkable Ottoman physician and medical translator. J Med Biogr, published online: 15 September 2016, DOI: 10.1177/0967772016665569.

Link: http://jmb.sagepub.com/content/early/2016/09/15/0967772016665569.full

Türkiye'de sosyal jinekoloji ve aile planlamasının öncülerinden Ord. Prof. Naşid Erez (1899-1981)

Özet: Türk jinekoloji tarihinin kilometre taşlarından Hüseyin Naşid Erez, 14 Haziran 1899 tarihinde İstanbul’da dünyaya gelmiştir. 1924 yılında Lozan Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nden mezun olduktan sonra Türkiye’ye dönmüş, ardından İstanbul Darülfünunu Tıp Fakültesi Kadın Doğum Kliniği asistanlığına tayin edilmiştir. 1942 yılında İstanbul Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi İkinci Kadın Doğum Kliniği’ni kurmuştur. 1944’te profesörlüğe, 1957’de ise ordinaryüs profesörlüğe yükseltilmiştir. 27 Mayıs 1960 askeri darbesinin ardından 146 öğretim üyesi ile birlikte üniversitedeki görevinden uzaklaştırılmıştır. İki yıl sonra çıkan yeni bir yasa sayesinde üniversitedeki görevine geri dönmüş ve 1969 yılında buradan emekli olmuştur. Naşid Erez, hocası ve dünyada sosyal jinekoloji alanının önderi sayılan Ord. Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Gustav Liepmann’ın (1878‒1939) izinden giderek Türkiye’de sosyal jinekoloji anlayışının tanınmasına önemli katkılarda bulunmuş; Türkiye’de aile planlaması ve doğum kontrolünün benimsenip yaygınlaşması için zemin hazırlamıştır. Ayrıca jinekoloji eğitiminde ve bilimsel toplantılarda tıbbi filmlerin kullanımına öncülük etmiştir. Tıp alanında, biri Almancadan tercüme olmak üzere dört kitabı ve 48 makalesi yayımlanan Naşid Erez, 21 Aralık 1981 tarihinde İstanbul’da hayatını kaybetmiştir.   

Anahtar kelimeler: aile planlaması, biyografi, jinekoloji, sosyal jinekoloji, tıp tarihi (20. yy) 

--- 

A Pioneer of Social Gynecology and Family Planning in Turkey: Ord. Prof. Naşid Erez (1899-1981)

Abstract: Marking a milestone in the history of Turkish gynecology, Hüseyin Naşid Erez was born on 14 June 1899 in Istanbul. After graduating from the Lausanne University Faculty of Medicine in 1924, he returned to Turkey and soon was assigned as an assistant at the Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics at the Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine. Dr. Erez founded the second Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics at the same university in 1942. He was promoted to professorship in 1944, then to ordinarius (senior) professorship in 1957. After the military coup of 27 May 1960, he was discharged from the university together with 146 other academics; after two years, however, he was restored to his previous workplace, from where he would retire in 1969. Following the footsteps of his tutor Ord. Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Gustav Liepmann (1878‒1939), one of the originators of the social gynecology approach in the world, Dr. Erez greatly contributed by promoting, implementing and generalizing this approach in Turkey. He paved the way for developing a national family planning program and promoting contraception practices in Turkey. He also pioneered using medical movies in gynecology education and at scientific meetings. In the field of medicine, he published three books and 48 articles, and translated a book from German. Dr. Naşid Erez died on 21 December 1981 in Istanbul.   Keywords: biography, family planning, gynecology, history of medicine (20th cent.), social gynecology

Keywords: biography, family planning, gynecology, history of medicine (20th cent.), social gynecology

Cite:  Tekiner, Halil. “Türkiye’de sosyal jinekoloji ve aile planlamasının öncülerinden Ord. Prof. Naşid Erez (1899-1981),” Nobel Medicus, 12(1), (2016): 106-109.

Link: http://web.a.ebscohost.com/abstract?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=13052381&AN=115067019&h=uUWSK0G5LeiUIuNgR%2bFgDfPpz%2bycXawSnGoMKX0ph9zwpPlbKPoDePGAnLiIzbi3%2bkPYeozLnLUqYz0YxOrqDg%3d%3d&crl=c&resultNs=AdminWebAuth&resultLocal=ErrCrlNotAuth&crlhashurl=login.aspx%3fdirect%3dtrue%26profile%3dehost%26scope%3dsite%26authtype%3dcrawler%26jrnl%3d13052381%26AN%3d115067019

Dr. İsa Ruhi Koray’ın İstiklal Harbi Hatıratı

Özet: 1895 yılında İstanbul’da doğan İsa Ruhi Koray, aile şeceresi Şeyh İsmail Sirâceddin Şirvânî (1782−1848) ve Sadrazam Şirvânîzâde Mehmed Rüşdi Paşa’ya (1828−1874) uzanan ünlü bir Türk ressam ve hekimidir. Birinci Cihan Harbi’nde hekim namzedi sıfatıyla Çanakkale ve Suriye Cephelerinde, İstiklâl Harbi’nde ise ihtiyat tabip yüzbaşı sıfatıyla önce Amasya çevresinde, ardından da Garp Cephesi’nde görev yapmış; savaşta gösterdiği fedakârlıklardan ötürü 1922’de İstiklâl Madalyası ile taltif edilmiştir. 1924’te iç hastalıkları uzmanlığını aldıktan sonra mesleğine sırasıyla Bursa, Tarsus, Giresun, Çankırı ve Isparta’da devam etmiştir. 1951 yılında emekli olduktan sonra ise Çankırı’ya yerleşerek bir muayenehane açmış ve 1965’te ölümüne değin bu şehirde yaşamıştır. Koray, İstiklâl Harbi yıllarına ait hatıralarını Anadolu’nun İstiklâl Harbindeki Hâtırâlarım ve Notlarım (36-37-338) başlığı altında bir deftere kaydetmiştir. Hatıratında, Pontus Harekâtı’nda önemli görevler üstlenmiş komutanlar Cemil Cahit Toydemir (1883−1956) ve Şefik Avni Özüdoğru’dan (1886−1960) bahsettiği gibi Pontus teşkilatından artakalan silahları toplamakla görevli taburla birlikte ziyaret ettiği Rum köylerinin durumu ve askerler arasında görülen uyuz salgını hakkında da bilgiler vermiştir. Eski yazı ile kaleme alınmış toplam 12 sayfa yazının yanı sıra yedi suluboya ve 20 karakalem resim taslağını içeren bu defter, bugün Koray’ın torunu Prof. Dr. Cemal Özgüven (d.1945) tarafından muhafaza edilmektedir. Bu makalede İsa Ruhi Koray’ın ilk kez gün ışığına çıkacak olan İstiklâl Harbi hatıratı, aynı defterde yer alan çeşitli resim taslaklarıyla birlikte tanıtılmakta ve hatıratın Türk tıp tarihi ve harp edebiyatı açısından önemi ele alınmaktadır.

Anahtar kelimeler: 20nci yüzyıl tıp tarihi, askeri tıp; hastalık salgınları; literatürde tıp; uyuz

---

The Turkish War of Independence Memoirs of Dr. Isa Ruhi Koray 

Abstract: Isa Ruhi Koray, a famous Turkish painter and physician, was born in 1895 in Istanbul. He was from a notable family, descended from the Sheikh Ismail Siraceddin Sirvani (1782−1848) and the Ottoman grand vizier Sirvanizade Mehmed Rusdi Pascha (1828−1874). Isa Ruhi Koray joined the Gallipoli and the Syria fronts during World War I as a physician candidate, and as a lieutenant physician during the Turkish War of Independence, first in the Amasya region, and then on the Western front. For his exemplary service in the War of Independence, he was decorated with the Turkish Medal of Independence in 1922. He became an internal-disease specialist in 1924 and furthered his career as a hospital physician in Bursa, Tarsus, Giresun, Cankiri, and Isparta. After his retirement in 1951, he moved to Cankiri, where he ran a private medical office for many years until his death in 1965. Koray wrote his memories of the War of Independence into a notebook titled “My Memoirs and Notes on the War of Independence of Anatolia (1920-1922).” These notes discuss the Turkish commanders Cemil Cahit Toydemir (1883−1956) and Sefik Avni Ozudogru (1886−1960), who were assigned important roles in military operations against Pontus uprising in the Black Sea region; visiting Greek villages with his troop to search for weapons left by the Pontus militia; and a scabies outbreak among the soldiers. The notebook, which consists of 12 pages written in the Ottoman language, seven watercolor paintings and 20 charcoal sketches, currently belongs to the private collection of Professor Cemal Ozguven (b.1945), Koray’s grandson. This article aims to bring this memoir to light for the first time, as well as to discuss its importance in terms of Turkish history of medicine and war literature.

Keywords: 20th cent. history of medicine; disease outbreaks; medicine in literature; military medicine; scabies 

Cite: Tekiner, Halil. "Dr. İsa Ruhi Koray’ın İstiklal Harbi Hatıratı," Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History 2014;22(1):9-16.

Link: http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com/article/en-dr-isa-ruhi-korayin-istiklal-harbi-hatirati-68397.html 

Endocrinology and art. King Ariarathes IV of Cappadocia: coins reveal enlarged thyroid (188 BC)

Abstract: King Ariarathes IV Eusebes (“The Pious”) ruled Cappadocia, a province of central Asia Minor (modern Turkey), between 220 and 163 BC. He supported his father-in-law Antiochus III, the King of Syria, in his war against the Romans. However, after the battle of Magnesia in 189 BC, he became an ally of the Romans. Ariarathes IV also moved the capital of his kingdom to Mazaca (modern-day Kayseri), founded on the outskirts of Mount Erciyes, a snow-capped volcano with an altitude of around 4000 m. On the obverse of the coins struck in Mazaca in the 33rd regnal year of Ariarathes IV, his diademed head with enlarged thyroid is represented. The reverse features his name (ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ APIAPAΘOY EYΣEBOYΣ) together with monograms and Athena holding Nike in her right hand. This might be one of the earliest artistic representations of goiter, presumably associated with endemic iodine deficiency which is especially common in mountainous area.

Keywords: Goiter, ancient history, medicine in art, numismatics, portraits as topic, thyroid gland, Turkey

Cite: Tekiner H, Erkiletlioglu H, Kelestimur F. Endocrinology and art. King Ariarathes IV of Cappadocia: coins reveal enlarged thyroid (188 BC). Journal of Endocrinological Investigation 2015;38(2):261-262, DOI: 10.1007/s40618-014-0208-0.

Link: https://www.academia.edu/21772258/King_Ariarathes_IV_of_Cappadocia_coins_reveal_enlarged_thyroid_188_BC_

Dr. Menahem Hodara (1869–1926) and his contributions to dermatology

Abstract: Dr. Menahem Hodara was one of the most remarkable dermatologists of the early 20th century, who achieved international acclaim for his dermatopathological studies. Following his graduation from the Ottoman Imperial Military Medical School in Istanbul in 1890, M. Hodara was appointed to the Central Marine Hospital in Istanbul as a navy lieutenant. Between 1893 and 1897, he studied at the Unna Clinic in Hamburg. M. Hodara’s many scientific achievements include reporting bacilli as a cause of comedo and acne, describing for the first time a kind of trichorrhexis nodosa that now bears his name (Hodara’s disease), succeeding in implanting hairs taken from patients in the scars left by favus, and so forth. This paper aims to present a biographical sketch of M. Hodara’s life and to outline his contributions to various topics in dermatology in light of some original documents, many of which were obtained from M. Hodara’s descendants. 

Key words: Biography, dermatology, dermatopathology, history of medicine

Cite: Tekiner, H. Dr. Menahem Hodara (1869–1926) and his contributions to dermatology. Int J Dermatol 2016;55(1):114-116, DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13103.

Link: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ijd.13103/full

Knowledge and attitudes of private health insurance company employees toward patient confidentiality: a preliminary study in Central Anatolia, Turkey

Abstract: Due to the rapid advances in information and communication technologies, particularly in the last two decades, electronic health records (EHRs) that include patients’ sensitive medical data in a digital format have become common in many countries, including Turkey. Despite EHRs’ great benefits, such as improving the quality of health care, easy accessibility, decreased costs, reduced adverse drug reactions and medical errors, scant attention has been paid to the ethical problems that might arise from the use of EHRs. This preliminary study aims to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of employees of private health insurance companies in Central Anatolia, Turkey, toward patient confidentiality. It also seeks to discuss the potential risk of health insurance companies’ breaches of confidentiality. Therefore a survey was conducted among 40 employees of the randomly sampled private health insurance companies that serve the cities of Ankara, Kayseri, and Konya. As a result, although 91.2% of the participants confirmed that they have never reached/shared their customer’s EHRs, 70.6% stated that EHRs should be accessible to health insurance companies. There is a statistically significant relationship between participants’ years of professional experience and their opinions on whether or not EHRs should be accessible to health insurance companies (p < 0.05). Among participants, 20.6% also stated that health insurance companies can by any means reach their clients’ private medical data via EHRs without the clients’ consent. In conclusion, there appears a potential risk of health insurance companies’ breaches of patient confidentiality, and new legal developments should be implemented immediately by the Turkish health authorities.

Key Words: Medical ethics; patient confidentiality; private health insurance; electronic health records; Turkey (Central Anatolia Region)

---

Özel Sigorta İşletmesi Çalışanlarının, Hasta Mahremiyeti Konusundaki Bilgi Düzeyi ve Yaklaşımları: İç Anadolu Bölgesi’nde Bir Ön Araştırma - Özet: Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinde özellikle son 20 yılda görülen hızlı ilerleme sayesinde hastalara ait özel tıbbi bilgiler Türkiye’nin de aralarında bulunduğu birçok ülkede elektronik ortama aktarılmaktadır. Elektronik sağlık kayıtları (ESK), hastaların yaşam kalitesini iyileştirme, kolay erişilebilirlik, giderleri düşürme, beklenmeyen etki veya tıbbi hataları azaltma, vb. konularda birçok yarar sağlamakla birlikte konuya ilişkin doğabilecek etik sorunlar üzerinde gereğince durulmamıştır. Zira bilgi teknolojileri hasta mahremiyetini ihlal etme potansiyeli taşımakta olup ESK üzerinden elde edilebilecek kişisel sağlık verilerinin hastaların rızası dışında paylaşımı veya kullanımı hasta özerkliğini tehlikeye atabilmektedir. Bu ön araştırma ile İç Anadolu Bölgesi’nde hizmet vermekte olan özel sigorta işletmelerinde çalışan kişilerin, hasta mahremiyeti konusundaki bilgi düzeyi ve yaklaşımlarının belirlenmesi ve özel sigorta işletmelerinin hasta mahremiyeti ihlali konusunda sahip olduğu potansiyel riskin tartışılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu nedenle İç Anadolu Bölgesi’ndeki üç şehirde (Ankara, Kayseri ve Konya) faaliyet gösteren ve basit rasgele örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilmiş özel sigorta işletmelerinde çalışmakta olan 40 kişiye anket uygulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, katılımcıların % 91,2’si geçmişte hasta ESK’na erişmediklerini veya bu kayıtları paylaşmadıklarını belirtmiş, ancak % 70,6’sı ESK’nın sağlık sigorta işletmelerinin erişimine açık olması gerektiğine inandıklarını ifade etmiştir. Katılımcıların mesleki tecrübe süresi ile ESK’nın sigorta şirketlerinin erişimine açık olması gerektiği düşüncesine sahip olma durumları arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p < 0,05). Katılımcıların % 20,6’sı özel sağlık sigorta işletmelerinin, ESK’na (hastanın rızası olmaksızın) bir şekilde ulaşabileceklerini düşündüklerini ifade etmiştir. Sonuç olarak özel sigorta işletmelerinin hasta mahremiyeti ihlali konusunda potansiyel bir risk taşıdığı anlaşılmakta olup konuya ilişkin yeni yasal düzenlemelerin en kısa sürede uygulamaya konması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Tıbbi etik; hasta mahremiyeti; özel sağlık sigortası; elektronik sağlık kayıtları; Türkiye (İç Anadolu Bölgesi)

Cite: Tekiner, Halil., Ulu, Ahmet. “Knowledge and attitudes of private health insurance company employees toward patient confidentiality: a preliminary study in Central Anatolia, Turkey,” Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics, 1(2), (2015): 1-7.

Link: http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com/article/en-knowledge-and-attitudes-of-private-health-insurance-company-employees-toward-patient-con64257dentiality-a-preliminary-study-in-central-anatolia-turkey-73975.html