The History of Appointing September 25 as World Pharmacists Day

Since 2010, pharmacists observe World Pharmacists Day on September 25, which has been coordinated by the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP). The idea of appointing September 25 as World Pharmacists Day was first suggested at the end of H. Tekiner’s article which was published on the FIP’s website on May 14, 2009, to promote the 69th FIP Congress in Turkey the same year. After his archival research at the FIP Bureau in the Netherlands, Tekiner found out that this day in 1912 witnessed the official formation of the FIP in The Hague. In his email dated June 19, 2009, Tekiner officially asked the Turkish Pharmacists’ Association (TPA) and the TPA’s coordinator for international relations, S. Boyaci, for their institutional support. To put this idea into the agenda of pharmaceutical historians, Tekiner also communicated with many pharmaceutical historians including A. Mat, G. Higby, and J. Gravé, president of the FIP Working Group on the History of Pharmacy, and asked for their comments or for any other suggestions. After receiving responses supporting this idea, he also submitted a short note entitled “When shall we celebrate an International Pharmacy Day?” This note was later published at Pharmaceutical Historian 2009;39(3):50. At the 2009 Council meeting of the FIP Congress in Istanbul, the TPA suggested annually celebrating a World Pharmacists Day on September 25. The proposal was unanimously accepted, and the day became celebrated internationally. 

Ref: Tekiner H. "The History of Appointing September 25 as World Pharmacists Day," 43rd International Congress for the History of Pharmacy (12-15 September 2017, Warsaw) Abstracts. Warsaw: Polish Society for the History of Pharmacy; 2017, p. 120. 

Keywords: World Pharmacists Day, 25 September, International Pharmaceutical Federation, FIP, international days

Why teach pharmacy ethics through literary fiction?

Abstract: Pharmacy ethics is a challenging area in pharmacy education, as teaching it requires special recognition of complex pedagogical approaches. In accordance with the findings of recent studies focusing on the use of humanities in medical education, literary fiction may be an avenue that could be successfully employed as a thought-provoking tool for teaching pharmacy ethics. The major benefits of this approach includes increased empathy and complex interpretive skills, suitability for case-based learning, and students' high level of interest in this method, as well as the promotion of patient-centered care, creation of cultural competence, and encouragement of professionalism among pharmacy students. The successful instruction of pharmacy ethics through carefully selected examples from literary fiction, possibly in an elective course or a special module, may be a promising step forward in modern pharmacy education. 

Keywords: curriculum, fiction, medical humanities, pharmacy education, pharmacy ethics

Cite: Tekiner, Halil. Why teach pharmacy ethics through literary fiction? World J Pharm Sci 2017;5(6):203-206.

Link: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318040997_Why_Teach_Pharmacy_Ethics_Through_Literary_Fiction

Ahmed Hilmi Pasha (1839–1905): A remarkable Ottoman physician and medical translator

Abstract: Besides being a founding member of the Ottoman Medical Society (est. 1867) and general director of the Imperial Military and Civil medical schools in Istanbul, Dr Ahmed Hilmi Pasha offered a pathology course for the first time in the Ottoman Empire. He also translated various medical textbooks from French, and he paved the way for using Turkish in Ottoman medical education.

Keywords: Medical translation, military physicians, Ottoman Empire, pathology, Turkey

Cite: Tekiner, Halil. Ahmed Hilmi Pasha (1839–1905): A remarkable Ottoman physician and medical translator. J Med Biogr, published online: 15 September 2016, DOI: 10.1177/0967772016665569.

Link: http://jmb.sagepub.com/content/early/2016/09/15/0967772016665569.full

Türkiye'de sosyal jinekoloji ve aile planlamasının öncülerinden Ord. Prof. Naşid Erez (1899-1981)

Özet: Türk jinekoloji tarihinin kilometre taşlarından Hüseyin Naşid Erez, 14 Haziran 1899 tarihinde İstanbul’da dünyaya gelmiştir. 1924 yılında Lozan Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nden mezun olduktan sonra Türkiye’ye dönmüş, ardından İstanbul Darülfünunu Tıp Fakültesi Kadın Doğum Kliniği asistanlığına tayin edilmiştir. 1942 yılında İstanbul Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi İkinci Kadın Doğum Kliniği’ni kurmuştur. 1944’te profesörlüğe, 1957’de ise ordinaryüs profesörlüğe yükseltilmiştir. 27 Mayıs 1960 askeri darbesinin ardından 146 öğretim üyesi ile birlikte üniversitedeki görevinden uzaklaştırılmıştır. İki yıl sonra çıkan yeni bir yasa sayesinde üniversitedeki görevine geri dönmüş ve 1969 yılında buradan emekli olmuştur. Naşid Erez, hocası ve dünyada sosyal jinekoloji alanının önderi sayılan Ord. Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Gustav Liepmann’ın (1878‒1939) izinden giderek Türkiye’de sosyal jinekoloji anlayışının tanınmasına önemli katkılarda bulunmuş; Türkiye’de aile planlaması ve doğum kontrolünün benimsenip yaygınlaşması için zemin hazırlamıştır. Ayrıca jinekoloji eğitiminde ve bilimsel toplantılarda tıbbi filmlerin kullanımına öncülük etmiştir. Tıp alanında, biri Almancadan tercüme olmak üzere dört kitabı ve 48 makalesi yayımlanan Naşid Erez, 21 Aralık 1981 tarihinde İstanbul’da hayatını kaybetmiştir.   

Anahtar kelimeler: aile planlaması, biyografi, jinekoloji, sosyal jinekoloji, tıp tarihi (20. yy) 

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A Pioneer of Social Gynecology and Family Planning in Turkey: Ord. Prof. Naşid Erez (1899-1981)

Abstract: Marking a milestone in the history of Turkish gynecology, Hüseyin Naşid Erez was born on 14 June 1899 in Istanbul. After graduating from the Lausanne University Faculty of Medicine in 1924, he returned to Turkey and soon was assigned as an assistant at the Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics at the Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine. Dr. Erez founded the second Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics at the same university in 1942. He was promoted to professorship in 1944, then to ordinarius (senior) professorship in 1957. After the military coup of 27 May 1960, he was discharged from the university together with 146 other academics; after two years, however, he was restored to his previous workplace, from where he would retire in 1969. Following the footsteps of his tutor Ord. Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Gustav Liepmann (1878‒1939), one of the originators of the social gynecology approach in the world, Dr. Erez greatly contributed by promoting, implementing and generalizing this approach in Turkey. He paved the way for developing a national family planning program and promoting contraception practices in Turkey. He also pioneered using medical movies in gynecology education and at scientific meetings. In the field of medicine, he published three books and 48 articles, and translated a book from German. Dr. Naşid Erez died on 21 December 1981 in Istanbul.   Keywords: biography, family planning, gynecology, history of medicine (20th cent.), social gynecology

Keywords: biography, family planning, gynecology, history of medicine (20th cent.), social gynecology

Cite:  Tekiner, Halil. “Türkiye’de sosyal jinekoloji ve aile planlamasının öncülerinden Ord. Prof. Naşid Erez (1899-1981),” Nobel Medicus, 12(1), (2016): 106-109.

Link: http://web.a.ebscohost.com/abstract?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=13052381&AN=115067019&h=uUWSK0G5LeiUIuNgR%2bFgDfPpz%2bycXawSnGoMKX0ph9zwpPlbKPoDePGAnLiIzbi3%2bkPYeozLnLUqYz0YxOrqDg%3d%3d&crl=c&resultNs=AdminWebAuth&resultLocal=ErrCrlNotAuth&crlhashurl=login.aspx%3fdirect%3dtrue%26profile%3dehost%26scope%3dsite%26authtype%3dcrawler%26jrnl%3d13052381%26AN%3d115067019

Dr. İsa Ruhi Koray’ın İstiklal Harbi Hatıratı

Özet: 1895 yılında İstanbul’da doğan İsa Ruhi Koray, aile şeceresi Şeyh İsmail Sirâceddin Şirvânî (1782−1848) ve Sadrazam Şirvânîzâde Mehmed Rüşdi Paşa’ya (1828−1874) uzanan ünlü bir Türk ressam ve hekimidir. Birinci Cihan Harbi’nde hekim namzedi sıfatıyla Çanakkale ve Suriye Cephelerinde, İstiklâl Harbi’nde ise ihtiyat tabip yüzbaşı sıfatıyla önce Amasya çevresinde, ardından da Garp Cephesi’nde görev yapmış; savaşta gösterdiği fedakârlıklardan ötürü 1922’de İstiklâl Madalyası ile taltif edilmiştir. 1924’te iç hastalıkları uzmanlığını aldıktan sonra mesleğine sırasıyla Bursa, Tarsus, Giresun, Çankırı ve Isparta’da devam etmiştir. 1951 yılında emekli olduktan sonra ise Çankırı’ya yerleşerek bir muayenehane açmış ve 1965’te ölümüne değin bu şehirde yaşamıştır. Koray, İstiklâl Harbi yıllarına ait hatıralarını Anadolu’nun İstiklâl Harbindeki Hâtırâlarım ve Notlarım (36-37-338) başlığı altında bir deftere kaydetmiştir. Hatıratında, Pontus Harekâtı’nda önemli görevler üstlenmiş komutanlar Cemil Cahit Toydemir (1883−1956) ve Şefik Avni Özüdoğru’dan (1886−1960) bahsettiği gibi Pontus teşkilatından artakalan silahları toplamakla görevli taburla birlikte ziyaret ettiği Rum köylerinin durumu ve askerler arasında görülen uyuz salgını hakkında da bilgiler vermiştir. Eski yazı ile kaleme alınmış toplam 12 sayfa yazının yanı sıra yedi suluboya ve 20 karakalem resim taslağını içeren bu defter, bugün Koray’ın torunu Prof. Dr. Cemal Özgüven (d.1945) tarafından muhafaza edilmektedir. Bu makalede İsa Ruhi Koray’ın ilk kez gün ışığına çıkacak olan İstiklâl Harbi hatıratı, aynı defterde yer alan çeşitli resim taslaklarıyla birlikte tanıtılmakta ve hatıratın Türk tıp tarihi ve harp edebiyatı açısından önemi ele alınmaktadır.

Anahtar kelimeler: 20nci yüzyıl tıp tarihi, askeri tıp; hastalık salgınları; literatürde tıp; uyuz

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The Turkish War of Independence Memoirs of Dr. Isa Ruhi Koray 

Abstract: Isa Ruhi Koray, a famous Turkish painter and physician, was born in 1895 in Istanbul. He was from a notable family, descended from the Sheikh Ismail Siraceddin Sirvani (1782−1848) and the Ottoman grand vizier Sirvanizade Mehmed Rusdi Pascha (1828−1874). Isa Ruhi Koray joined the Gallipoli and the Syria fronts during World War I as a physician candidate, and as a lieutenant physician during the Turkish War of Independence, first in the Amasya region, and then on the Western front. For his exemplary service in the War of Independence, he was decorated with the Turkish Medal of Independence in 1922. He became an internal-disease specialist in 1924 and furthered his career as a hospital physician in Bursa, Tarsus, Giresun, Cankiri, and Isparta. After his retirement in 1951, he moved to Cankiri, where he ran a private medical office for many years until his death in 1965. Koray wrote his memories of the War of Independence into a notebook titled “My Memoirs and Notes on the War of Independence of Anatolia (1920-1922).” These notes discuss the Turkish commanders Cemil Cahit Toydemir (1883−1956) and Sefik Avni Ozudogru (1886−1960), who were assigned important roles in military operations against Pontus uprising in the Black Sea region; visiting Greek villages with his troop to search for weapons left by the Pontus militia; and a scabies outbreak among the soldiers. The notebook, which consists of 12 pages written in the Ottoman language, seven watercolor paintings and 20 charcoal sketches, currently belongs to the private collection of Professor Cemal Ozguven (b.1945), Koray’s grandson. This article aims to bring this memoir to light for the first time, as well as to discuss its importance in terms of Turkish history of medicine and war literature.

Keywords: 20th cent. history of medicine; disease outbreaks; medicine in literature; military medicine; scabies 

Cite: Tekiner, Halil. "Dr. İsa Ruhi Koray’ın İstiklal Harbi Hatıratı," Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History 2014;22(1):9-16.

Link: http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com/article/en-dr-isa-ruhi-korayin-istiklal-harbi-hatirati-68397.html 

Endocrinology and art. King Ariarathes IV of Cappadocia: coins reveal enlarged thyroid (188 BC)

Abstract: King Ariarathes IV Eusebes (“The Pious”) ruled Cappadocia, a province of central Asia Minor (modern Turkey), between 220 and 163 BC. He supported his father-in-law Antiochus III, the King of Syria, in his war against the Romans. However, after the battle of Magnesia in 189 BC, he became an ally of the Romans. Ariarathes IV also moved the capital of his kingdom to Mazaca (modern-day Kayseri), founded on the outskirts of Mount Erciyes, a snow-capped volcano with an altitude of around 4000 m. On the obverse of the coins struck in Mazaca in the 33rd regnal year of Ariarathes IV, his diademed head with enlarged thyroid is represented. The reverse features his name (ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ APIAPAΘOY EYΣEBOYΣ) together with monograms and Athena holding Nike in her right hand. This might be one of the earliest artistic representations of goiter, presumably associated with endemic iodine deficiency which is especially common in mountainous area.

Keywords: Goiter, ancient history, medicine in art, numismatics, portraits as topic, thyroid gland, Turkey

Cite: Tekiner H, Erkiletlioglu H, Kelestimur F. Endocrinology and art. King Ariarathes IV of Cappadocia: coins reveal enlarged thyroid (188 BC). Journal of Endocrinological Investigation 2015;38(2):261-262, DOI: 10.1007/s40618-014-0208-0.

Link: https://www.academia.edu/21772258/King_Ariarathes_IV_of_Cappadocia_coins_reveal_enlarged_thyroid_188_BC_

Dr. Menahem Hodara (1869–1926) and his contributions to dermatology

Abstract: Dr. Menahem Hodara was one of the most remarkable dermatologists of the early 20th century, who achieved international acclaim for his dermatopathological studies. Following his graduation from the Ottoman Imperial Military Medical School in Istanbul in 1890, M. Hodara was appointed to the Central Marine Hospital in Istanbul as a navy lieutenant. Between 1893 and 1897, he studied at the Unna Clinic in Hamburg. M. Hodara’s many scientific achievements include reporting bacilli as a cause of comedo and acne, describing for the first time a kind of trichorrhexis nodosa that now bears his name (Hodara’s disease), succeeding in implanting hairs taken from patients in the scars left by favus, and so forth. This paper aims to present a biographical sketch of M. Hodara’s life and to outline his contributions to various topics in dermatology in light of some original documents, many of which were obtained from M. Hodara’s descendants. 

Key words: Biography, dermatology, dermatopathology, history of medicine

Cite: Tekiner, H. Dr. Menahem Hodara (1869–1926) and his contributions to dermatology. Int J Dermatol 2016;55(1):114-116, DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13103.

Link: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ijd.13103/full